$解:(1)根据题意,得a−1=(±2)²=4,b+2=\sqrt[{3}]{−27}=−3,$
$∴a=5,b=−5.$
$∵ \sqrt{9}< \sqrt{12}< \sqrt{16}$
$∴3< \sqrt{12}<4.$
$∴c=3.$
$∴a+b+c=5−5+3=3$
$(2)∵3< \sqrt{12}<4,$
$∴x= \sqrt{12}−3.$
$∴x− \sqrt{12}+10= \sqrt{12}−3− \sqrt{12}+10=7.$
$∴x− \sqrt{12}+10的平方根是±\sqrt{7}$