解:$(3)$当$AM=2BM$时,$30-3t=2×3t$,解得$t=\frac {10}{3}$;
当$AB=2AM$时,$30=2×(30-3t)$,解得$t=5$;
$ $当$BM=2AM$时,$3t=2×(30-3t)$,解得$t=\frac {20}{3} $
综上所述,当$t $的值为$\frac {10}{3}$或$5$或$\frac {20}{3}$时,点$M$是线段$AB$的$“$二倍点$”$
$(4)$当$AN=2MN$时,$2t=2[2t-(30-3t)]$,解得$t=\frac {15}{2}$;
当$AM=2NM$时,$30-3t=2[2t-(30-3t)]$,解得$t=\frac {90}{13}$;
当$MN=2AM$时,$2t-(30-3t)=2(30-3t)$,解得$t=\frac {90}{11}$
综上所述,当$t $的值为$\frac {15}{2}$或$\frac {90}{13}$或$\frac {90}{11}$时,点$M$是线段$AN$的$“$二倍点$”$